General Chemistry
Fourth Edition
Donald A. McQuarrie, Peter A. Rock and Ethan B. Gallogly
Photo Credits
INTERCHAPTER A
- A Frontis, © November 2010 Derby Museums & Art Gallery
INTERCHAPTER B
- B Frontis, reproduced with permission from Ethan Gallogly
- B1, © Science Museum/SSPL, www.scienceandsociety.co.uk
- B3, © 2010 SPL/ Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- B4, University of Oxford, Museum of the History of Science, courtesy AIP Emilio Segre Visual Archives, Physics Today Collection
- B5, © 2010 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory / Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- B Sidebox, with permission from Mendeleev Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia
INTERCHAPTER C
- C Frontis, © 2001 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- C1, © 2010 NASA / ESA / Space Telescope Science Institute/ Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- C2, © 2010 Charles D. Winters / Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- C3, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California
- C4, with permission from New York Public Library
- C5, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- C6, © 2005 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- C8, © 1993 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- C9, ©Ross Chapple, All Rights Reserved
INTERCHAPTER D
- D Frontis, Copyright Joel Gordon Photography, All Rights Reserved, www.joelgordon.com
- D1, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- D2, Copyright Joel Gordon Photography, All Rights Reserved, www.joelgordon.com
- D3, Copyright Joel Gordon Photography, All Rights Reserved, www.joelgordon.com
- D4, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- D5, Courtesy of images-of-elements.com/lithium.php
- D7, © 1994 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- D8, © AP Photo/Matt Joyce
INTERCHAPTER E
- E Frontis, ©David Nunuk / Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- E1, © 2010 Charles D. Winters/ Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- E2, © 1991 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- E3, © 2002 Dennis Strete, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- E4, © istockphoto, www.istockphoto.com
- E5, © 2009 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
INTERCHAPTER F
- F Frontis, © 1991 Paul Silverman, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- F1, © 2010 RIA Novosti / Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- F4, © 2002 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- F6, Copyright Joel Gordon Photography, All Rights Reserved, www.joelgordon.com
- F7a, © Adam Hart-Davis / Photo Researchers In., All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- F7b, © 2010 Adam Hart-Davis / Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
INTERCHAPTER G
- G Frontis, © istockphoto, www.istockphoto.com
- G1, © MTX Contracts Ltd, http://www.ripeningrooms.com/Home.aspx?lang=en
- G2a, © 2001 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- G2b, © 2001 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- G3a, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- G3b, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
INTERCHAPTER H
- H Frontis, reprinted with permission from Shirley Chiang, University of Davis; Reprinted with permission from Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 60:2398 (1988) Image originally created by IBM Corporation.
- H1, © istockphoto, www.istockphoto.com
- H2, © istockphoto, www.istockphoto.com
- H3, © 2010 Sheila Terry / Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- H4, © Science Museum/SSPL, www.scienceandsociety.co.uk
- H5, © istockphoto, www.istockphoto.com
INTERCHAPTER I
- I Frontis, with permission from National Geographic Stock, photograph by Carsten Peter/ Speleoresearch & Films
- I1, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- I2, © 2010 Joel Arem/ Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- I3, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- I4, © 1991 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- I7, © istockphoto, www.istockphoto.com
- I8, © 2010 Russell Lappa / Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- I9, reproduced with permission from Rio Tinto.
- I11, Alcoa
- I12, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- U13, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- I14, (left) © 2010 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- I14, (right) © 2010 Andrew Lambert Photograph / Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- I15, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
INTERCHAPTER J
- J Frontis, Pennzoil
- J1, © 2010 NASA / Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- J2, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- J3b, Pennzoil
- J4, Grant Heilman
- J5, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- J6, © istockphoto, www.istockphoto.com
- J7a, © 1988 Paul Silverman, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- J7b, © Andrew Lambert / Photo Researchers In., All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- J10a, © 1992 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- J10b, © 1992 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- J11a, © 1987 Kristen Brochman, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- J11b, © 1987 Kristen Brochman, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- J11c, © 1987 Kristen Brochman, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- J12, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- J13, © 1990 Robert Mathena, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
INTERCHAPTER K
- K Frontis, © 2005 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- K2, © Science Museum/SSPL, www.scienceandsociety.co.uk
- K3, EG&G, Inc., Wellesley, MA
- K4, Courtesy of Argonne National Laboratory
- K5, Courtesy of Environmental Protection Agency
- K6, © 1990 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
INTERCHAPTER L
- L Frontis, © George V. Kelvin/Science Graphics
- L1, Dennis Harding, Chevron Corporation
- L2, Courtesy of Yue Wei
- L3, Courtesy of Volvo Cars, Public Affairs
- L5, © 2010 Peter Menzel / Photo Researchers, Inc., All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- L6, © 2010 J. Mead / Photo Researchers, Inc., All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- L7, Hydro-Québec
- L9b, © 2010 US Dept. of Energy / Photo Researchers, Inc., All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- L11, © 2010 Martin Bond / Photo Researchers, Inc., All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
INTERCHAPTER M
- M Frontis, © 2010 Dr. Tim Evans / Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- M Frontis, © 2010David McCarthy / Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- M Sidebox, © Smalley Institute – Rice University
- M1, Reproduced with courtesy from Darmann Abrasive Products, Inc.’
- M3, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- M6a, © 2010 Tony Craddock / Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- M6b, © istockphoto, www.istockphoto.com
- M9, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- M12a, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- M12b, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- M13, Steven Smale
- M15, The Corning Museum of Glass
INTERCHAPTER N
- N Frontis, © 1994 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- N2, Chip Clark
- N5, © 2010 Charles D. Winters / Photo Researchers, Inc., All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- N8, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
INTERCHAPTER O
- OFrontis, ©Hulton Archive / Getty Images
- O1, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- 02, SPL / Photo Researchers In., www.photoresearchers.com
- 03, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of Californi
- 04, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- O5, © 1999 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- O6, © 2010 Hank Morgan / Photo Researchers, Inc., All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- O8, Bicron Corporation
- O9, © 2010 Zephyr / Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- O10, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- O11, (Seaborg), Argonne National Laboratory photograph, courtesy AIP Emilio Segre Visual Archives
- O11, (McMillan), AIP Emilio Segre Visual Archives
- O13, Thomas A. Cahill, University of California Davis
INTERCHAPTER P
- P Frontis, © 2002 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- P2, © The Nobel Foundation.
INTERCHAPTER Q
- Q Frontis, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- Q2, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- Q3, © 1990 Kip Peticolas, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
- Q4, © Gordon Baer, reproduced with permission, gordon.baer@gmail.com
- Q5, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- Q6, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
INTERCHAPTER R
- R Frontis, © 2010 Tony Craddock / Photo Researchers, Inc., All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- R1, © istockphoto, www.istockphoto.com
- R2, © 1991 Richard Megna, Fundamental Photographs, NYC, All Rights Reserved, www.fphoto.com
INTERCHAPTER S
- S Frontis, © 2010 Charles D. Winters / Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- S1, left and right, © 2010 Photo Researchers, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- S2, Institute of Paper Chemistry
- S4, ©AP Photo/Roland S. Lundstrom
INTERCHAPTER T
- T Frontis, © 2010 Kenneth Eward / Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- T2, J.M. Hogle, Dept. of Molecular Biology, Scripps
- T4, A.K. Kleinschmidt
- T Sidebox, © 2010A. Barrington Brown / Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
INTERCHAPTER U
- U Frontis, © 2010 Martyn F. Chillmaid / Photo Researchers, Inc, All Rights Reserved, www.photoresearchers.com
- U2, ©Chip Clark, All Rights Reserved
- U3, © istockphoto, www.istockphoto.com
- U6, © istockphoto, www.istockphoto.com